Renault launched its "Nerva" series in 1930 as part of their 8-cylinder range, and complementing the Renault Nervastella, the Nervasport with a 4.2-litre engine was a model that was developed for the ultra-rich who wanted maximum performance.

The 8-cylinder engine was developed by Marcel Riffard, an experienced hand in developing aircraft engines. The efforts did pay off, as the Renault Nervasport won a number of races and gave a tough fight to competing cars at Le Mans in 1933.

The Renault Nervasport was produced for three years between 1932 and 1935.